Aging with drugs and alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Aging with drugs and alcohol - Essay Example For example, forgetfulness and confusion, which are the effects of alcohol, can mimic Alzheimer’s disease. â€Å"Due to multiple and chronic diseases, elderly often take numerous drugs. Elderly or those persons who are above sixty-five years of age may take seven or more prescription drugs along with some over the counter drugs† (Stewart & Cooper, 449-461). The sensitivity to alcohol’s effects increases with age and small amount of alcohol can affect judgment, co-ordination, alertness, and reaction time in elderly. Therefore, it makes them prone to accidents, falls, and fractures. The medical complications of alcohol abuse includes alcoholic liver disease, gastrointestinal tract diseases including bleeding, inflammation of pancreas, metabolic disturbances and increase risk of infections. The tolerance level of elderly to infections and bleeding is quite lower then that of younger people. In addition, the elderly are at increased risk of suffering from malnutrition, deficiency of vitamins, anemia, diseases of heart and blood vessels; bone mass reduction and even cancer. The loss of nerve cells occurs normally with aging but alcohol induced degeneration and shrinkage of brain along with damage to nerves throughout the body adds up to it and lead to further consequences. Alcohol use in large amount can lead to inflammation of stomach, intestine, and pancreas, which can hinder the digestion of food and the absorption of nutrients (Stewart & Cooper, 449-461). Alcohol abuse can also have psychosocial implications as the heavy drinker have increased chances of clashes at home, with friends and colleagues. Alcohol when combined either with other drugs, prescription or over the counter can be harmful and even fatal. â€Å"This is especially important for the aged people as they are often the users of prescription drugs and over the counter drugs† (Adams, pp. 13-14). The alcohol drug combination can have problematic consequences especially in

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Example for Free

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Describe key areas of the selected company’s code of conduct that are of significant importance to the business, and explain why. The first question we should ask ourselves â€Å"what is ethics?† I think ethics are a collection of principles and practices that a business believes in, statements and more specific policies about conduct to give employees, partners, vendors, and outsiders an idea of what the corporation stands for and how it’s staff should conduct themselves . The Cheesecake Factory was established in the 1940s by Oscar and Evelyn Overton. In 1972 they open their first business store to Los Angeles, CA known as the Cheesecake Factory. Now The Cheesecake Factory has over 170 locations around the world. Having such a large corporation like Cheesecake Factory brings a lot of ethical and business problems when it comes to having such a large stores and staff. We should always remember that everyone has their own set of moral ethics that they live by at tend to take those same ethics to the work place. When writing a code of ethics it is important that these will cover every staff member from the top of the corporation to the lowest lever employee. Key areas that are of significant importance to The Cheesecake Factory start with the general standards of conduct in how all its employees will be treated by fellow employees and by management. The standards deals the basic values that we all have, with the expectation of building trust, loyalty, honesty, respect, and a high level of professionalism within the company. The cheesecake Factory has an established code of ethical conduct that is an essential factor in maintaining a proper balance in the human aspect of ethics and the link to the business success. Corporate leaders and managements need to be careful about their behaviors and how they make important decisions. Although all areas of the Cheesecake Factory’s code of ethical conduct is important for the success of the company, there are a few key areas of the company’s code of ethical conduct that are of significant importance for The Cheesecake Factory. 1-The first occurs in Article IV, in the â€Å"Conflicts of Interest,† section that pertains to transactions and investments. This specifically states that an officer or a director† should avoid participating in any transaction or investment that conflicts with, or gives the appearance of a conflict with, the interest of the company.†(Reference 1) This is key in maintaining ethics because a person who is in a leadership / management positions must be loyal to only their organization; otherwise, all decisions that are made and act are suspect as to the integrity of the choice, especially concerning money matters. 2- A second key area of The Cheesecake Factory’s code of ethical conduct that is of significant importance is in Article V, in the â€Å"Compliance with Company Policies and Procedures,† section that pertains to confidential information. It is very important and essential for the success of any company and business especially, the confidentiality of information, especially for third parties, be maintained. This leads to another key area that is also in Article V of the company’s code of ethical conduct. In the section that pertains to insider trading. In the section that deals with prohibiting insider trading it states that, â€Å"An officer or director shall observe the Company’s policy prohibiting trading on the basis of material, non-public information.†(Reference 1) 2.Explain the key steps that the company should take to ensure that employees follow the code of conduct. There are some key steps that a company can take in order to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct. 1-The Cheesecake Factory should have a â€Å"compliance department† that handles all disputes and investigations regarding violations of the code of conduct. This specific department at Cheesecake Factory should have designated employees that govern the entire company’s employees and handle any issues that arise. 2-The Cheesecake Factory can  take to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct is to have each employee sign and date, the code of conduct when they hired and give it to the employee a copy and keep another copy in the employee files. This makes it possible for the employee and the company to be on the same page from the beginning of the working relationship. This process can repeat every year for the existing employees to follow the code of conduct. 3-The Cheesecake Factory can take to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct is complete mandatory â€Å" Business ethics† training videos for new and existing employees every year. These videos make sure reminder of all employees’ business ethics and code of conduct. 3. Suggest three (3) ways in which the restaurant can engage in socially responsive activities in the community within which it operates The Cheesecake Factory can engage many socially responsive activities in the local community. 1-The Cheesecake Factory can donate foods to local food banks, soup kitchens and homeless shelters. Restaurants always have extra food that does not used for any reasons or left over foods. As a respectful company being able to donate fresh food to shelters and feeding someone who is unable to have a meal, would be wonderful social responsive project and activity. 2-The Cheesecake Factory could engage in socially responsive activities in the community would be to help raise money for a local non-profit organizations, charities, children hospitals or cancer associates. This could be done by donating money, ask costumers to participate or fund rising which will show that the company is giving back to the local community in which it is a part. 3- The Cheesecake Factory could engage in socially responsive activities in the community would be to offer free meals to shelters for specified holidays, such as Thanksgiving and Christmas. 4- Also Cheesecake Factory could run campaign for â€Å"Local Food Drive† to contribute as a company and ask their costumers donate dry and canned foods to reach local families who needs help .This is one of excellent way of giving back to the local community. References: 1. (March 16, 2004) The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated. Amended and Restated Code of Ethics for Executive Officers, Senior Financial Officers, and Directors. Retrieved from: http://investors.thecheesecakefactory.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=109258p=irol-govconduct. 2. (January 2001) C.B. And R.L. â€Å"The Legal Environment of Business: Text and Cases: Ethical Regulatory, Global, and Corporate Issues.† Cengage Learning, 8th edition. 3. (January 2012) Ferrell, O.C. And John Fraedrich. â€Å"Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making Cases.† Cengage Learning, 9th edition.

Online Video Rental Management System Information Technology Essay

Online Video Rental Management System Information Technology Essay For web-based video rental management system, the asp.net is use to develop this project as a front-end system and vb.net 2008 as a back-end system. This system is linking with MySQL 2005 as database resource. Comparing between Online Video Rental Management System with another existing system in the current market is needed to identify the weakness and strength of the systems and the specialization of this project. This chapter will begin with definition of Online Video Rental Management System which proved by several journals or articles and follow by description of advantages and disadvantages of Online Video Rental Management System, workflow architecture for Online Video Rental Management System, and lastly is comparison this project with similar system in current market that included VidRent Online DVD Rental Software, Video Rental Software, DRS Pro Start, W3Rentà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Rental System, and Online Video Rental Management System. Definition of Online Video Rental Management System Table 2.1: Definition of Online Video Rental Management System(no italic) Author Definition (Bertino.E, Trombetta.A, Montesi.D, 2002) Each particular system is build from what types of the data it handles and the functionalities that performs. An indexing and querying of video data can be supported by the system which is database for billing purposes or video store system which just store the video data that lacking the typical features of database. (Bertino.E, Trombetta.A, Montesi.D, 2002) A particular system is introduced in the architecture because quality of service is an important requirement for whole management system. Architecture result consists of several systems that integrated all their functionalities while preserve autonomy, extensibility and data integrity where necessary (R.Walker, P. Foster, and S. Banthorpe, 1997). An powerful interactive video systems must not only store the videos, but it also provide full functionalities included queries support, insertions and deletions for managing the videos as well as for users subscription and billing according to some policy and it must ensure adequate quality of service. Author Definition (Basile. P, Tinelli. E, Degemmis. M, Noia, T. D., Semeraro. G, Sciascio, E. D, 2007). Through online catalogues, videos are recommended to customer normally are described in both of useful features which are textual features and non-textual features. Online catalogues are the motivation that often behind the research of the developer on the recommendation features. (Dr. Oliver Hinz, Dipl.-Kfm. Jochen Eckert, 2010). Search videos and videos recommendation tools play a crucial role in e-commerce. There are only beneficial for consumers if successful to search for appropriate products supported by system which help them to identify products that fit to their preferences. So, customers can use actively for their search and recommendation systems that independently recommend products on the basis of certain algorithms and data. (Dr. Oliver Hinz, Dipl.-Kfm. Jochen Eckert, 2010). There had two different consequences of the search and recommendation systems for the rental and sales included decreasing search costs can increase the sales based on additional consumption and there can also be a shift in demand from blockbusters to niche products and vice versa, so that substitution effects can be observed. Author Definition (Yanjiang. Y Beng Chin. O, 2005). Current rental records containing two purposes to identifying information serve primarily that are users who holding overdue rental items can be trade by the service provider but only in case the user does not return the items in time. Second is the service provider can enforce rental limit such that a user cannot simultaneously keep more than a limited rental items. To be effective, an anonymous rental system has to afford these two functions as in a regular rental service. (J. J. Jozefowicz, J. M. Kelley, S. M. Brewer, 2008) A serious lack of success films exist in the video rental market from analysing even the obvious popularity of this form of entertainment and the fact that the majority of film studios domestic revenues are generated by home video viewing. (Zhan Wang, Harrison Stein, Chin Yeung Siu, Ruiqi Rachel Wang, 2005) Customers can easily rent the movies through online or at rental stores to enjoy watching the movies whenever at a much cheaper cost rather than watching movies in theatres. Movies rental is more flexibility to support the customers and enabling them to enjoy the movies in comfort of their own homes. State Simplify: By increasing media technology in movies recorder, especially movies which are stored in DVD rather than VCD are become most popular in rental business nowadays. There are about quadruple of storage in DVD larger than VCD with lower price. Customers more prefer watching movies in home in cheaper price rather than go cinema. In additional, the location of the company that support in this project is no cinema. So, movies rental is a very popular business in Cameron Highlands and it is play an important role in entertainment for resident. This project had allocated to two applications that are front-end application and back-end application. The front-end application which is interface that designs to interact with the users through online customer services. Several functions such as movies previews, videos rating, voting, and some recommendation are provide to help in sales increases by hearing from the customer. Information that collects from the customers at the front-end application needs to processes from back-end application that control by administrator but not customers such as transaction record, customer information, order management, payment detail and movies stock. By fulfilling the company requirement, a customization system is need to design based on company need and condition. In this case, system design is more focus on the customer services rather than administration functions. So, this project is needs to add more additional functions to improve the customer services and fulfil their need at the same time benefit to the company in two ways. Targeting to expand the company, a flexible system is mainly consideration by the company to adding a communication space to collect the information from customer and understand what the customer needs. Customers are freely allows to remove, add, or cancel reservation of the videos within certain period. By cooperation several functionalities, an integration management system is create and it is fully customise to the company and help the company improve the business daily transaction. Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Video Rental Management System Online video rental management system is design with several advantages that benefit to organizational, customers and business processes. According to PlanMagic(2010), advantages included legendary ease of use, advanced functionality, low cost of ownership, customer approved and competitor Approved. Same as proved from PlanMagic, 2010, this project had advance functionalities to achieve competitive advantages that are more focus on customer services by adding the automation email sending, attraction interface, and given movies recommendation to let customer unlimited browse and watch movies preview through online and leave some commends on the movies after they watched. Movies recommendation specially provides to customer who are in hesitate of choosing movies. Lower prices of the movies rental are suitable for local students and residents because the owner is obtain the low cost of the movies resources by suppliers. From such advantages, its user-friendly format can be easily controlled by anyone and at the same time, it able requires and maintains to only one person with reducing overheads to a great extent. This video rental system can be understood and installed within a few minutes. In this project, it can benefit to the owner by reducing the human resource and fully utilize system performance to easily keep track the rentals and sales history, storing customer information, auto calculate late payment and generate payment that customer need to pay. All these features are totally customizable and make for unique Online Video Rental Management System to meet the expectation of the Stop and Stick Company. Online reservation is one of the advantages from this project to let the customer making order anytime and anywhere. They no need arrive to the shop to checking whether the movies in stock or not. By applying this project, owner can get the business easily through customer online reservation and increase the orders from suppliers to expand their business quickly. According to Web Experts, 2008, Our online reservations system for videos, DVDs, equipment, or whatever else you want to rent handles everything included east stocking and management. By applying online video rental management system, customers are freely to browse the website, view the movies preview, given recommendation, or making reservation of the movies in whole day 24 hours whether the shop is close or not. Reservation list will be auto arrange in order and handle by owner for second day. Besides of advantages, this project had some disadvantage that cannot be avoided. Compare to the current online video rental system, local DVD movie rental from this project have to treat with late fees, due dates and traffic but through online videos rental system, there are no need to worry about it by ship the videos to the customer after make order from online. Due to the small business company, the company had not suitable yet to running the business by delivery the DVDs to customer through online reservation. By consideration of limited resources of movies and human resources, it is difficult for company to append this service with higher cost. Customer needs to arrives the shop and rent the movies which are reserved. Due dates and late fees are needed charges from customer to maintains and manage the limited stock of movies. In additional, by the reason of the good company location which is stay at middle of the city, so that students must pass by the shop after school for everyday. It is bringing a larger market for the students who are rent the movies or return with easily and convenience. So, it is hard to provide the online payment feature from this small company, customer cannot enjoy any payment through online. Transaction process is done by cash exchanges between the owner and customer at the shop after reservation on the portal. Besides that, one of the disadvantages of this project is the problem of DVDs damage or broken after return by customer and gets negation by customer. The lost of physical cost lost is one of the disadvantages of this project which cannot be avoided and only can control it by manageable the videos under the rule and procedure before rent to the customer. Workflow Architecture for Online Video Rental Management System Figure 2.2: Workflow Architecture from source (Riderck, 2009, March 28).(no date, no italic) (Riderck, 2009) In this section, the overall structure of the online video rental management system is referring by Ridercks video rental system which is similar with this project. Same as Riderck workflow, all customer need to register as a member before utilize the web-based video rental management system at the shop to obtain the id number and membership card by owner. Customer information will be store into the database for rental use. According to the Riderck workflow, it is an offline video rental system and transaction will be keep track after customer rent the movies in the shop. Payment will be calculate by admin part that is inside the video rental system and generate the receipt to customer. By compare with this project, using web-based video rental management system is bringing tremendous benefit to the customer and company for manage the company and effect in increasing sales. After registered as a member, customer can freely leave their comment, rating, voting and making reservation on what the movies they need through online. Besides that, latest release movies and promotion had automatic received by customer at the first time by email sending. Movies which are coming up to date had reminded by email sending from company to prevent movies fine. Reservation or direct orders by customers are process sequence by admin part who are first come first serve. Payment automatically calculates by system that included late payment and total of videos rent let the company easily and speed up the transaction processes. Simple report will be generate for every month to clearly define the total of sales, total movies that are rent and help in decision making by ordering the movies from supplier based on the popular rate of movies. A concept of workflow architecture at the below is draw by developer for this project to let readers more understand about the system process of Online Video Rental Management System as a big picture. Figure 2.3: Workflow Architecture of Online Video Rental Management System Comparing Online Video Rental Management System 2.4.1 Comparison between Online Video Rental Management System with existing current system Table 2.4: Comparing Online Video Rental Management Systems with existing system- Administrator Part (Back-end Application)(no itallic, pls retructure table become smaller) Feature/Functionality VidRent Online DVD Rental Software Video Rental Software (quote) DRS PRO START 5.1 (quote) W3Rentà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ rental system (article) Online Video Rental Management System Administrator Function: (Back-end Application) User login à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Profile management à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Inventory management à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Transaction record à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Time and date management à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Auto late calculation payment à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Report à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Transaction calculation à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Billing à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Email automation sending à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Damaged/Missing Item à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Table 2.5: Comparing Online Video Rental Management Systems with existing system Customer Services Part (Front-end Application) Feature/Functionality VidRent Online DVD Rental Software Video Rental Software (quote) DRS PRO START 5.1 (quote) W3Rentà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ rental system (article) Online Video Rental Management System Customer Services: (Front-end Application) Powerful search engine à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Movies Categories à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ limited à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Movies previews à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Prompt out related movies preview à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Auto count numbers of visitor à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Movie rating, voting and recommendation à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ System auto give suggestion à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Movies reservation/order à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ 2.4.2 VidRent Online DVD Rental Software VidRent is web-based or online video rental software that promotes to the customer in rental business area. According to Spectrum Research, Inc., 2010, VidRent system was first releasing by Gold Entertainment Group, Inc., and they had almost 5000 distributors and customers for a year before they fall into the recent video rental company price wars and ceased operations. From rapidly development of video rental, VidRent is no longer available because the prices became cheaper and it is cause by competitive advantages. Same as this project, VidRent is consisted of two parts; there are administrator part and customer services part. Through this system, customers can login to the website and making reservation of the videos after registered as a member. Besides that, VidRent provided several movies in difference categories that can let the customer making choices on the movies which types they are preferable. Movies voting, rating and recommendation given by customer on the movies are important to increase the interest of customers on movies rental in certain types. Search function is one of important part that provided to customer to find the movies easily by typing the title name of the movies. It is lack of functionalities on the payment section in this VidRent system. According to the features that state from the VidRent system, there are no provided transaction calculations and billing to customer after the movies are reserved or prepared on the cart. This system is no provided payment function and customer need process their payment by arrives to the shop. Payment record is not build in VidRent system and it may needs to link with another accounting system or POS system to control the business. From observation of the VidRent system, all information and pictures of the videos allocated on the interface that is too simple and the pictures are combination together make the interface looked complicated. Figure 2.6: Administrator Support (VidRent Online DVD Rental Software) Figure 2.7: Customer Support (VidRent Online DVD Rental Software) 2.4.3 Video Rental Software Commodity Rental Video rental software is a very efficiency system in the accounting area and transaction processing system. By adding accounting and point of sales system into video rental system, all-in-one system is powerful to let the user more easily to manage their transaction with auto calculation of the total payment and monthly account calculation. By using this function, cost saving and system simplification help the company run their business smoothly. From above statements, this is strengthens of this video rental software and it encouraged use in medium size of organizational. Same as VidRent system, video rental software has divided into two parts which are administration part and customer services support. This system is strongly concentrated on the administrator part especially the payment area. Accounting function and point of sales function in the system will benefit to the user in calculating monthly sales and transaction will become more quickly and sufficiency. From customer support section, the drabness layout and functionalities of the customer supports website is one of the weaknesses in this system. The most important of the search engine was ignored builds in video rental software, so customer cannot quickly search the movies which they need. It needs to take a longer time to search the movies by click the one page to another page until the end. In additional, there are no categorize of movies that place in order on the main page, user may be confused and it is become more complicated when the new movies are adding or update in the future. Besides that, this website is totally no interaction with the customers because customer recommendation, voting and movies ranking is no provided to the customer. This system is strongly focused on administrator part that use in business transaction process but it is poor in customers support. Figure 2.8: Administrator Support (Video Rental Software Commodity Rental) Figure 2.9: Customer Support (Video Rental Software Commodity Rental) 2.4.4 DRS PRO START 5.1 Online DVD Rental System 5.1 is divided into three versions which are DRS Pro Start 5.1, DRS Pro Business 5.1, and DRS Pro VIP 5.1. Three difference versions of the system can meet the difference need from customer who is running their rental business. In this case, basic function is more suitable for apply by small enterprise.  By the way, DRS Pro Business 5.1 and DRS Pro VIP 5.1 are more suitable for the medium or large company with contained advanced functionalities and specific solution that is given. DRS Pro Start 5.1 is a system that fully implement through online, customer no need reach to the shop and all the services are provided to customers through E-Commerce. After reservation is making by customer, videos are pack in envelop and directly shipping to the customer, it bringing a convenience way to the customers at difference location. Time saving and cost saving is a main issues for customer when they getting to the shop to choose the movies. Through online services, there are no any due date or late payment of the movies rental. So, the two functions that are time and date management and auto late calculation payment of the system can be ignore and omitted. By using this system, company need spend a larger amount of the human resources cost and material cost such as shipping cost, quantity of DVDs, and worker. From the powerful function of automation email sending function in this system, customer can receive the notification which sending by the system automatically such as disc returned/dispatched, titles requiring rating, recommendations, titles coming soon and etc. The function of search engine is provided to let user quickly search movies. Video rating, customer commend are welcome update by users. There are very limited catalogue in DRS Pro Start 5.1 package. The simple layout and less attraction website easy lead the users bored. Figure 2.10: Administration Support (DRS PRO START 5.1) Figure 2.11: Customer Support (DRS PRO START 5.1) 2.4.5 W3Rentà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ rental system According to the article, W3Rent is an online system that similar with DRS Pro Start 5.1 which is implements the business through E-Commerce. Customer no need arrive to the shop but they can receive the movies anytime, anywhere through shipment method from making reservation through online. So, time and date management and auto late calculation payment can be ignored same as DRS Pro Start 5.1. Security had provided to prevent unauthorized to access the information. Difference users in this system have difference access level such as customer only can login to the customer support website but they are not allow access to the administrator functional area. The staff can login to manage the inventory and being transaction with customer of the administrator area. Limit the functionalities can clearly divide the task for difference type of position and not confuse. According to article, there are no provided report function and transaction record function to the customer. So customer cannot find the history of transaction when they want check back the movies whether had rent by them previously or not. Report cannot generate without historical of transaction record. There are special function in this system is this system can handle the damaged item such as broken of DVDs, damaged DVDs, or lost of DVDs. The system can keep track this DVDs and placing them to specific section. Automation email sending had provided by this system that can help the company saving the cost of time because any notification, returned or dispatched are auto send out to the customer by mail. Besides that, this system had less interaction with the customer because it no provided movies rating and recommendation on the movies to the customer. So, company does not know which type of the movies is more preferable by customer and focusing on promote the popular movies that rate by customer. 2.4.6 Online Video Rental Management System Focusing on customer service is the main purpose of this project to target the customer preferable on the movies to affect the sales. An attractive main page of the customer website is very important to capture the interest of the customer when they are browsing to the website. Short movies previews at the website can attract the customer to click them and watch the content of the movies, so customer will immediately take a consideration of the movies to rent based on their preference. Besides that, the related movies will be prompt out below the movies that watching by customer, so customer can rent more. Powerful search engine and movies catalog should provide to the customer to search the specific movies with easily and faster. Furthermore, this system will give some suggestion to the customer when customer in hesitate to choose the movies by key in some words about what types of the movies are more prefer by them based on the mood feeling. After customer watched the movies, they can give some recommendation and movies rating through login to the website. In the administrator part, access level has provide to users to separate the position such as customer can browse to the customer support area to watch the movies, leave recommendation and enjoy the services that provide by this system, staff can login to administrator function to process the transaction with the customer but they are not allows to change any information of the inventory or delete the customer information. Only the boss or manager can access all the data in this system. Limit the function to difference users are important to ensure the security if the company to prevent attack by un-authorization. By the way, transaction record, payment detail and calculation functions have included in this system. Report need to generate and show the total sales of each month to easy the user make decision in supply the videos from supplier. Email automation sending function can given notification, promotion for new movies and remind customer when the rental is up to date. This system no provides videos shipping, so customer needs to rent the movies directly in the shop base on the limited resource of the Stop And Stick Company. 2.4.7 Discussion of table 2.4 and table 2.5 By comparing online video rental management system with another four existing systems, it found that the previously of four software are very strongly focused on the administrator part. If company only focus on administrator part, they would not know what are the types of movies customer more prefer from interaction with the customer through get feedback from them. By focusing customer services within this project, long term profit can be measure by update information from customer. All of these systems allow the users to keep track the rental, stores the customers detail, taxes calculation which are basic functionalities of the system accept VidRent system. Beside this, there have provides customer rating, recommendation give by customer and get the feedback from customer accept W3Rent System. VidRent System and Online Video Rental Management System no provide online payment and the transaction need directly process in the shop because of limited resource and the system are suitable for small enterprise use. Nowadays, more and more system needs to focus on the customer services to provide integrated system to the customer and catch up their time. By automation email generation, email can auto send to the customer when the movies up to date or during release the new movies to save the cost and time. From this, VidRent and Video rental software is lack of this function. Besides that, search engine and movies catalog is most important function to easy find information, product or movies from the customer. Lack of those functions from Video Rental Software and DRS Pro Start 5.1 System are easy confused and make the interface more complexity. For DRS Pro Start 5.1 and W3Rent system, the functions of time and date management, and auto late calculation payment are no need because they provided the shipping services to the customer and there are no any fines on the late return. There are differences of Video Rental Software which is included the functionalities of time and date management, and auto late calculation payment no matter it is same area with DRS Pro Start 5.1 and W3Rent system. 2.5 Chapter conclusion Chapter 2 concluded with five system comparison that included VidRent Online DVD Rental Software, Video Rental Software, DRS Pro Start, W3Rentà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Rental System, and Online Video Rental Management System. Comparing between these projects system with other systems in current market had been done by comparing the specialization, features and functionality of the system. From the lack functionalities require by other system, full functionalities and special functions are need to add in this project to enhance the quality of the system and target to enlarge the market from small enterprise. Before comparison process, definition of this project had been identified and it advantages and disadvantages of this Online Video Rental Management System.

A Study on the Legal Trade Cases between Canada and Africa

A Study on the Legal Trade Cases between Canada and Africa Khushal Mewada Vishnu Sabu Priyank Patel Jayesh Patel INTRODUCTION The term legal is used to define the thing related with law. Develop and maintain security policies, procedures and practices which comply with relevant elements of criminal, civil, administrative and regulatory law to minimize adverse legal consequences. Law can be three type that is Public International Law, Private International Law, Foreign Law. Public international law is the system of rules and principles governing the relationships between states and international organizations as well some of their persons and Private international law governs relationships between persons and organizations engaged in international transactions and their legal cases whereas Foreign law is a law enacted by a foreign country. We need to know all these cases before doing transaction overseas because all can affect the trade. This report study is on three legal court cases related with trade between Canada and Africa. These cases include information about the conflicts between companies of both countries and their court case as well as the result of case by court with acts. LEGAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CANADA AND AFRICA Canada established its diplomatic relations with South Africa in 1939, due to the outbreak of World War II. Africa and Canada had few contacts before the twentieth century. Canada and Africa were both part of a global trading system, linked by European trading companies such as the Hudsons Bay Company and the Royal African Company. Canada and African were raw-material exporting areas, they mostly traded with manufacturers in Europe, and not with each other. Canada is a significant investor in Africa. Trade between the two countries totaled $1.8 billion in 2008. Canadian investments largely focus on the mineral and mining sector, as well as transportation, food processing, hospitality, information and communication technologies. A Memorandum of Understanding on cooperation in mining and mineral development was signed between Canada and South Africa in March 2015. A Double Taxation Agreement has been signed to facilitate trade and investment, between Canada and South Africa. Top Canadian exports to Africa include lentils and wheat, power generation machinery, electrical machinery, sulfur, optical equipment, pharmaceuticals, and pork. Africas exports to Canada include citrus, beverages (wine), nuclear machinery parts and minerals such as iron, titanium, chromium and copper. CASE:1 WHITE SOUTH AFRICAN,S VS CANADIAN GOVERNMENT TITLE: White South Africans battle for refugee status in Canada ended by appeals court. In this case, a white South African asked for refugee protection in Canada due to the fear of his Countrys major black, and his case was recalled and the case was rejected, moreover made necessary arrangement for returning to his country, where his cases started as an angry upset and reaction against Canada. For analysing the case we are following the IRAC method which directly goes deeply to the case between Canada and Africa. Issue In 2009, an international protest welcomed Canadas Immigration and Refugee Board and decided Brandon Huntley, a white citizen of South Africa, had an all around established dread of mistreatment on the bases of his race and the South Africa government had lack of interest or failure or unwillingness to shield white South Africans from oppression by African South Africans. In this case, a white South African asked for refugee protection in Canada due to the fear of his countrys major black people, but his case was recalled and his case got rejected. The South Africas government called the decision as a perverse by Ottawa and racist. The African Social Medias, newspapers who severely criticized the claim made by Mr. Huntley and protest against IRBs decision. The IRB Canada take another look into the case and in 2010 Mr. Huntleys then-lawyer accused Ottawa of interfering to mend international relations. The supreme court of Canada refuse to hear the case in 2012. Rule The African National Congress, the party that liberated South Africa from apartheid under Nelson Mandelas leadership in 1994, said the refugee decision was racist and alarmist. Canadas reasoning for granting Huntley a refugee status can only serve to perpetuate racism, the ANC said Tuesday. Stephane Malepart, a spokesman for the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, said the board cannot release the Huntley decision or make any comment on the ruling since all of its cases are heard in private and its tribunals operate at arms length from the government. But he said the federal government could seek judicial review of any decision by appealing it to the Federal Court of Canada. Analysis His case, however, drew intense publicity. It was reported in newspapers around the world, especially in South Africa. His picture, he said, was featured in newspaper ads on buses in his hometown. Online, he was threatened, he said. If he was not a person in need of protection before, he was now, he claimed in court, a distinction referred to as being a refugee sur place. The IRB acknowledged that South Africa was a young democracy with ongoing problems, the court summarized, but remained a functioning democracy with independent judicial institutions. In judging the IRBs second decision, Federal Court Judge Catherine M. Kane said the reasons given by the IRB were adequate and the decision was a reasonable one to arrive at. Conclusion This case adversely affect the relationship between Canada and Africa. There are some legal barriers for refugees from Africa to Canada. The discussion above details a range of problems with the asylum application process that adversely affects the human rights of refugees from various parts of the world. These issues calls into the question of ability DHA to administer an asylum system in accordance with its Constitutional obligation to ensure just administrative action. The problems also make a mockery of the rights guaranteed in both international and domestic refugee law, casting doubt on the Departments commitment to these legal guarantees. CASE:2 CANADA VS AFRICA,US Subject : Subsidies and other Domestic Support for Corn and other Agricultural Products Complainant: Canada Respondent: US Third Party : Argentina; Australia; Chile; European Union; India; Japan; Mexico; New Zealand; Nicaragua; South Africa; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; Turkey; Uruguay The Canada complained and requested the consultations with the United States regarding three different types of measures on 8 January, 2007: Firstly, the Canada claims that the subsidies to the US corn industry that are particular for US producers of primarily agricultural products provided by the United States. Canada considered that the issued measures are not compatible with Articles 5(C) and 6.3(C) of the SCM agreement. Secondly, Canada claims that the United States makes accessible to its exporters premium rates and other conditions more suitable than those which the market would otherwise make them available through export credit guarantee programmes under the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 and other measures such as the GSM-102 programme and SCGP as well as the programmes, legislation, regulations and statutory instruments providing the support. Canada reflects on these programmes provide subsidies contingent upon export performance opposing to Article 3.1(a) and 3.2 of the SCM Agreement, and they also breach Articles 3.3, 8, 9.1 and 10.1 of the Agreement on Agriculture. Thirdly, Canada makes demand that, through the improper exclusion of domestic support, the United States supported in favour of domestic producers in excess of the commitment levels mentioned in Section I of Part IV of the Schedule, opposing to Article 3.2 of the Agreement on Agriculture. From 18 January 2007, Australia, Argentina, Brazil, the European Communities, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Thailand and Uruguay requested to join the consultations. Afterwards, the United States informed the DSB that they had granted the requests of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, the European Communities, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Thailand and Uruguay to join the consultations. On 7 June 2007, Canada requested the establishment of a panel. Then, in the meeting the DSB deferred the establishment of a panel. On 11 July 2007, Brazil requested consultations with the United States regarding two different categories of US agricultural measures: (i) domestic support for agricultural products and (ii) export credit guarantees for agricultural products. After 20 July 2007, Canada, Guatemala, Costa Rica and Mexico, the European Communities, Argentina, Australia, India and Nicaragua, Thailand requested to join the consultations. Thereafter, the United States enlightened the DSB that it had approved the requests of Argentina, Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, the European Communities, Guatemala, India, Nicaragua, Mexico and Thailand to join the consultations. Later Canada and Brazil each requested the establishment of a panel. On 15 November 2007, Canada withdrew its first request to establish a panel dated 7 June 2007. But when the meeting held again the DSB postponed the establishment of a panel. Panel and Appellate Body proceedings Following to a other request to establish a panel from both Canada and Brazil, the DSB settled a single panel in the meeting on 17 December 2007.Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, the European Communities, India, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Nicaragua, South Africa, Chinese Taipei and Thailand, Turkey and Uruguay reserved their third-party rights. Conclusion This case clearly defines that which ever the countries as a third party reserved their rights. But the country Canada who is complaining against US and demanding upon some measures, at last they withdrew their request as they were not gaining any benefits from US. Countries: South Africa, Canada and Zimbabwe Appeal considered/heard at: Vancouver, BC Date of decision: January 2, 2014 Counsel for the person who is the subject of the appeal: Simon Trela (Barrister and Solicitor) To begin with, the applicant who is the resident of Zimbabwe was the member of a moment of democratic (MDC) changes and she went to south Africa, but as a foreigner, she was sexually assaulted so she applied for Canadian visitor visa on her African passport. Secondly, after coming to Canada section 97 of the Act, she requested for refugee protection at an immigration office in Edmonton on May 3, 2013. The RPD heard the appellants refugee protection claim on June 28 and July 4, 2013. The RPDs written reasons and Notice of Decision are dated August 19, 2013.ÂÂ   Moreover, she was also rejected in south Africa for state protection after her rape, because she was not the citizen of Africa and applicant not have concerned evidence.ÂÂ   The RPD Member found the issue of identity to be determinative to findings under both sections 96 and 97(1) of the Act. Moreover, the appellants Record received on September27,2013. The appellants submissions in this appeal are primarily based on consideration of the new evidence that was presented and documents submitted as being new evidence of the case. The appellant has requested an oral hearing pursuant to subsection 110(6) of the Act. subsections 110(3), (4), and (6) new evidence has been accepted in support of this appeal. As such, the RAD must proceed without a hearing in this appeal. Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. Subsection 162(1) The RAD finds that the RPD is to be provided with deference on questions of fact and mixed law and fact in relation to the assessment of the claim for protection. To put in a nutshell, The RPD Member was referring to several actions by the appellant such as using significant deception in order to be approved for her visa, including having her friends in Canada provide false information in support of her application, having her employer in South Africa falsify an employment record, and providing a false document to establish that she was going to be married in South Africa subsequent to her visit to Canada (thus establishing a motive for her to return to that country as opposed to remaining in Canada illegally).The applicant neither was Convention refugee nor a person in need of protection. This appeal is therefore dismissed. REFERENCES http://www.refworld.org/cases,IRBC,5385ede34.html http://www.google.ca/amp/news.nationalpost.com

Humanitarian Intervention Essay -- International Relations, Ethics

The issue of humanitarian intervention has become increasingly prominent in worldwide debates regarding its role in ethics and legitimacy in international relations. Uncertainty arises as to whether there are any moral obligation for humanitarian intervention and the concerning justifications of the violation of state sovereignty. In viewing the matter ethically and applying Immanuel Kant’s principle of cosmopolitan law from his 1795 essay Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Essay, humanitarian intervention can be established as a conflict between a cosmopolitan responsibility, which is to protect and promote human rights because of their universality, and an obligation to respect state sovereignty as a crucial basis for moral and political international order. Inevitably, fulfilling one set of responsibilities can involve the violation of the other in situations for example where governments are actively abusing the fundamental rights of their own citizens. Many Third World lead ers, consider the concept of humanitarian intervention to be potentially destabilising for the international system, and view it as an excuse for more powerful nations to undermine and threaten their state sovereignty (Ayoob, 2004; p.99). By using the United Nation’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) as a reference point, this essay will investigate the relationships between states when dealing with human rights standards and cultural differences. In examining the doctrine of ‘the responsibility to protect’, this essay will justify humanitarian intervention as a moral requirement of international order by focusing on the idea that the broader community of states must assume the responsibility of intervention when individual sovereign states are unw... ...World suspicions as being the West’s manipulation for power, I have justified the need for intervention through the UN Declaration of Human Rights (1948). the need for an international ‘responsibility to protect’. Through a brief overview of standardised political theory, I justified humanitarian intervention as a moral requirement for humanity. However, although the interest for a state to intervene must be weighed up against the outcomes of the intervention and no personal agendas from outside states can influence such interactions. In concluding the responsibility to protect encompasses the idea that sovereign states have a responsibility to protect their own citizens from avoidable catastrophe, but that when they are unwilling or unable to do so, the broader community of states must assume that responsibility as fellow citizens of the international community. Humanitarian Intervention Essay -- International Relations, Ethics The issue of humanitarian intervention has become increasingly prominent in worldwide debates regarding its role in ethics and legitimacy in international relations. Uncertainty arises as to whether there are any moral obligation for humanitarian intervention and the concerning justifications of the violation of state sovereignty. In viewing the matter ethically and applying Immanuel Kant’s principle of cosmopolitan law from his 1795 essay Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Essay, humanitarian intervention can be established as a conflict between a cosmopolitan responsibility, which is to protect and promote human rights because of their universality, and an obligation to respect state sovereignty as a crucial basis for moral and political international order. Inevitably, fulfilling one set of responsibilities can involve the violation of the other in situations for example where governments are actively abusing the fundamental rights of their own citizens. Many Third World lead ers, consider the concept of humanitarian intervention to be potentially destabilising for the international system, and view it as an excuse for more powerful nations to undermine and threaten their state sovereignty (Ayoob, 2004; p.99). By using the United Nation’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) as a reference point, this essay will investigate the relationships between states when dealing with human rights standards and cultural differences. In examining the doctrine of ‘the responsibility to protect’, this essay will justify humanitarian intervention as a moral requirement of international order by focusing on the idea that the broader community of states must assume the responsibility of intervention when individual sovereign states are unw... ...World suspicions as being the West’s manipulation for power, I have justified the need for intervention through the UN Declaration of Human Rights (1948). the need for an international ‘responsibility to protect’. Through a brief overview of standardised political theory, I justified humanitarian intervention as a moral requirement for humanity. However, although the interest for a state to intervene must be weighed up against the outcomes of the intervention and no personal agendas from outside states can influence such interactions. In concluding the responsibility to protect encompasses the idea that sovereign states have a responsibility to protect their own citizens from avoidable catastrophe, but that when they are unwilling or unable to do so, the broader community of states must assume that responsibility as fellow citizens of the international community.

History and Identity :: essays research papers

à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Historyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Historyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Thesis: Knowing oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history can change oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s outlook on life through understanding oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity. I. Having relationships is a great outlet for helping find oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Relationships between parent and child. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Relationships between siblings. II. Love shows and teaches one responsibility, which help with understanding oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history and identity. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Having love for oneself is a way for understanding oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Having love for oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family shows that one has love for oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history and family values. III. Of all ways one can understand oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity and history, knowing about the generations in oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family provides understanding. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The knowledge obtain from generations in oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family, brings understanding about oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history and family values.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1 What is it about life that is important? Many might say sex is important in life, others may say that having fun is what life is all about, few may say that is it knowing where one has come from. All of these thought may be right but in most cases what one knows about ones history make one a stronger person. Alice Walkerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s short story, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Everyday Use,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? shows just how important it is for one to know about oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history. Knowing oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history can change oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s outlook on life through finding oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity. In order to understand oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history it is important to have family values, which teaches the importance of relationships, love, and generation wisdom. Having relationships is a great outlet for helping find oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity. A relationship between parent and child teaches respect. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“I did something I never had done before: hugged Maggie to me, then dragged her on into the room, snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangeroà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s hands dumped them into Maggieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lap (70).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Not only do relationships teach one about respect it also teaches discipline. Having discipline makes one have a better character, it able one to become more in touch with oneself and oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history. Relationship amongst siblings is also a way of finding and understanding oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history. This relationship shows one how to care for someone. If the relationship among sibling is not strong than it will divide a family and stray away from family values. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Maggie canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t appreciate these quilts, sheà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢d probably be backward enough t o put them to everyday use (70).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? These quotes are prime examples of relationship. It   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 also shows the importance in knowing and having relationships in order to understand oneself. Love shows and teaches one responsibility, which help with understanding oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history and identity.

O Level

w w ap eP m e tr .X w UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS s er om .c GCE Ordinary Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2008 question paper 5054 PHYSICS 5054/02 Paper 2 (Theory), maximum raw mark 75 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began. All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and nexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the examination. †¢ CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 200 8 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. Page 2 Mark Scheme GCE O LEVEL – October/November 2008 Syllabus 5054Paper 2 Do not accept fractions. No penalty for [ 2 s. f. unless stated or for 1 s. f. where exactly correct. Only one unit and only one fraction penalty per question. Section A 1 (a) 0. 5(0) m B1 C1 A1 (a) mgh or F ? d or 10 ? 700 (–)7000 J C1 A1 (b) Q/E/H = mc? T or (? T =) 7000/(1) ? 4200 1. 7 or 1. 67 or 5. 5 8. 9  °C e. c. f. (a) 4 B1 (b) rotates/tilts/unbalanced/one side down/one side up rotates anticlockwise/down on left or head down or foot up (net) anticlockwise moment or moment on left > moment on right or weight/CM on left of pivot 3 B1 B1 B1 B1 (b) 10(. 0) N or e. c. f. (a) diagram of two forces and resultant W / 6(N) and T / 8(N) marked on perp. forces or scale given 10(. 0  ±0. 2) N 35–39 ° from T/Y/horizontal or 51–55 ° from W/vertical an d correct resultant C1 C1 A1 (a) (i) (a = ? )v/t or 84/35 2. 4 m/s? C1 A1 (ii) speed and time axes correct and labelled straight line of positive gradient through origin 84 (m/s) and 35 (s) marked (b) (i) two arrows with forward force > backward force (ii) air/wind resistance or friction or drag  © UCLES 2008 B1 [5] [4] [5] B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 [7] Page 3 5 Mark Scheme GCE O LEVEL – October/November 2008 Syllabus 5054 a) Any two pairs – may be expressed in terms of the gas: liquid M1 molecules dense(r) close(r)/touching incompressible/volume fixed close(r) or strong(er) forces fills bottom container forces strong(er) expands less when heated forces strong(er) more viscous/flows slower forces strong(er) sound fast(er) close(r) or strong(er) forces better conductors of heat close(r) slower diffusion close(r) Paper 2 A1 (b) molecules gain speed/energy/heat and escape/leave cloth/break bonds or latent heat needed fast(er)/high(er) (kinetic) energy molecules escape/evaporate (a verage) speed / (kinetic) energy (of remainder) decreases r temperature related to (average) energy/speed of molecules 6 M2 A2 B1 B1 B1 (a) red B1 (b) (i) equal to B1 (ii) less than B1 (c) two correct refractions on Fig. 6. 2 no dispersion and ray ends close to P (a) 12(. 0) V B1 B1 B1 B1 (c) (E=) QV or VIt or 200 ? 12 2400 J accept 2370–2410 J e. c. f. 8 M1 A1 (b) top row: 4. 6 and 0 bottom row: square 1 = square 2 + square 3 or 9. 2 bottom row: 4. 6 in squares 2 and 3 cao 7 [7] C1 A1 (a) fusion B1 (b) (i) mass decreases or product/nuclei/atoms less massive mass becomes/converted to energy B1 B1 (ii) E = mc2 6. 6 ? 10–29 ? (3. 0 ? 108)2 5. 9 ? 0–12 or 5. 94 ? 10–12 J B1 C1 A1  © UCLES 2008 [5] [6] [6] Page 4 Mark Scheme GCE O LEVEL – October/November 2008 Syllabus 5054 Paper 2 Section B 9 (a) (i) Any three lines: vibration of cone/loudspeaker vibration of air/particles (molecules) particles/molecules pass on vibrations/energy (to neighbours) com pressions and rarefactions or longitudinal wave/movement of particle (max 3) B1 B1 B1 B1 (ii) loud – large amplitude/max displacement low-pitched – frequency/no. of waves per sec low frequency, small frequency, etc. (long wavelength 1/2) B1 M1 A1 (iii) (t =) d/s or 0. 57/330 0. 0017 s C1 A1 iv) speed of sound greater in water/liquid or v. v. less time taken in water/liquid or heard sooner/faster B1 B1 [10] (b) (i) v = f? or 200 seen (? =) v/f or 330/200 or 330/0. 2 or 1650 (m) 1. 6/1. 65/1. 7 m (ii) attempt at compressions and rarefactions/longitudinal wave correct wavelength marked C1 C1 A1 M1 A1 [5] [Total: 15]  © UCLES 2008 Page 5 Mark Scheme GCE O LEVEL – October/November 2008 Syllabus 5054 10 (a) (i) at least 2 concentric, complete circles increasing gap at least 1 anticlockwise arrow and none incorrect (ii) stronger or more lines or lines closer together or extends further (b) (i) (R =) V/I or 6. /8. 0 0. 75 ? Paper 2 B1 B1 B1 B1 [4] C1 A1 (ii) (Q =) It or 8. 0 ? 120 or 8. 0 ? 2 960 C (16 C scores 1/2) C1 A1 (c) (i) L>R or N>S [4] B1 (ii) force (on wire) or wire bends/moves into page/perpendicular to field/away (from us)/LH rule quoted M1 A1 (iii) force reverses or out of page or bends the other way e. c. f. B1 [4] (iv) accept first two marks on unlabelled diagram (wire becomes) coil / armature /solenoid force/movement opposite on sides of coil or moment current reverses during rotation/due to commutator or split ring B1 B1 B1 [3] [Total: 15]  © UCLES 2008 Page 6 Mark SchemeGCE O LEVEL – October/November 2008 Syllabus 5054 11 (a) (P =) VI or 6. 0 ? 1. 6 9. 6 W Paper 2 C1 A1 (b) (i) filament/J releases electrons or thermionic emission attracted by +ve terminal/metal plate/K electrons move/accelerate [2] B1 B1 B1 (ii) otherwise electrons hit (air) molecules/particles/lose energy or electrons deflected/don’t hit screen/cause ionisation of air B1 (iii) electrons/charges/beam/ray deflected (by magnetic field) few(er) ele ctrons reach plate/K/+ve terminal/pass round circuit B1 B1 (iv) current = 0 or no reading electrons repelled by or not attracted to K or K does not emit electrons B1 c) (i) (dot/speck of light) moves so fast (that the eye sees it as a single line) or timebase pulls it horizontally or voltage is constant/zero B1 [8] B1 (ii) (line/trace) displaced vertically at uniform rate/speed or slowly moves 3. 0 divisions/3cm M1 A1 B1 (iii) screen not high enough or trace moves beyond edge of screen or line moves 6cm / more than 4cm (vertically) or line can only move 4cm or screen is only 4cm from middle to top B1 [5] [Total: 15] B1 Independent mark C1 Compensation mark; given also if the answer is correct M1 Method mark: if not given, subsequent A marks are not awarded A1 Answer mark.  © UCLES 2008